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Active sand filter is a set of flocculation, clarification, filtration as one continuous filtration equipment.
Widely used in drinking water, industrial water, wastewater treatment and water reuse processing. The system uses a fluidized bed upflow filtration principle and a single uniform media, filtering and washing the sand at the same time, 24-hour continuous run automatically, without downtime backwash, clever references to sand and sand washing instead of the traditional power structure backwash system, energy consumption is very low. System maintenance, easy to manage, can be unattended.
Active sand filter from the tank, water distribution, lead sand bucket, sand washing and air lift pump and other equipment components. According to its structure and function of the type of formula type is divided into three types, as follows:
1) Common type Active sand filter: main sewage removal of suspended solids (SS) and phosphorus;
2) Biological Active sand filter: can remove suspended solids in the sewage (SS), and can effectively remove sewage COD, BOD and other organic pollutants;
3) denitrification type Active sand filter:. For removing sewage HN4 + -N.
Active sand filter structure type formula are mainly two kinds of tanks and reinforced concrete structures. Tank type Active sand filter is divided into carbon steel, stainless steel and glass three kinds depending on the type of formula tank materials.
Active sand filter based on the countercurrent principle, be treated by water at the bottom of the device into the interior of the water distribution system, the water flows through the bottom-up activity of the sand filter bed filter sand filter bed in a top-down cleaning cycle, water and sand in the filter was reverse flow state, enhance the effect of trapping sand filtration, sewage contamination impurities are trapped in the filter bed, to purify water quality, water flows from the top of the mouth flow filter filtered purified . Impurities trapped contaminants filtered through sand filters at the bottom of an air lift pump lift to the top of the washer, through the effects of turbulence and mechanical collision so that contaminants and impurities can be separated by filtration sand, so that the filter sand can be cleaned, filter sand washed by the return of its own gravity sand filter bed to re-engage, washing water containing contaminants by washing water outlet, thus, the system has completed filtration and backwash of the entire process
Filter to run continuously, without stopping backwash, high efficiency; without backwash pump, flush tank and valves; without pretreatment can handle high water content of the SS (SS water up to 150mg / L); set coagulation, sedimentation and filtration in one, greatly simplifying the process and floor space; with conventional sand filtration process savings compared to 30% -40% of chemical agents; small head loss, only 0.5m; filter effects, water quality stable; low operating and maintenance costs; can be used as bio-filtration equipment, raw water having a high total nitrogen and phosphorus removal; single homogeneous media; easy expansion.
Comparative A, V type active sand filter and filter characteristics
No. |
project |
Active sand filter |
V type filter |
1 |
Operation mode |
Continuous filtration |
Intermittent filter |
2 |
Filter bed thickness |
2000mm, depth filtration, trapping effect is good |
1200mm, easy to penetrate. |
3 |
Backwash system |
no |
Have |
4 |
Supporting layer |
no |
Yes, easy to backwash turbostratic |
5 |
Filter area |
274m 2 |
654m 2 (includes a mixing tank, inclined plate sedimentation tank and V filter) |
6 |
Ancillary facilities area |
small |
Big |
8 |
Process |
Simple (without flocculation and sedimentation tank) |
More complex (for an flocculation and sedimentation tank) |
9 |
Backwash system |
no |
Have |
10 |
First question filtrate |
does not exist |
exist |
11 |
Technical requirements for operators |
low |
Higher |
12 |
Impact resistance |
Strong |
difference |
13 |
Maintenance Management |
simple |
More complex |
14 |
Operating costs |
low |
high |
15 |
Water quality |
Good, stable |
Better, instability |
B, V type active sand filters and filter operating cost comparison
No. |
project |
Active sand filter |
V type filter |
1 |
Power consumption (million / year) Electricity: 0.5 yuan / kWh |
8.00 |
10.80 |
2 |
Water consumption (million / year) Water: 0.8 yuan / m3 |
5.80 (most reuse) |
95.00 |
3 |
Pharmacy costs (million / year) |
28.80 |
40.10 |
4 |
Manual management (million / year) |
3.00 (1) |
9.00 (3) |
5 |
Equipment depreciation (million / year) |
27.20 |
32.20 |
6 |
Equipment maintenance costs (million / year) |
0.60 |
2.80 |
Total operating costs (million / year) |
73.40 |
189.9 |
Comparison of C, and D type sand filter active filter characteristics
No. |
project |
Active sand filter |
D type filter |
1 |
Operation mode |
Continuous filtration |
Intermittent filter |
2 |
Filter media |
Uniform quartz sand media, low cost, high strength |
Fiber filter, higher prices, easy twist rope into shares |
3 |
Filter life |
15 years, 500 yuan / ton |
5 years 220000--250000 yuan / ton |
4 |
Filter bed thickness |
2000mm, depth filtration, trapping effect is good |
800mm, easy to be penetrated. |
5 |
Backwash system |
no |
Have |
6 |
Supporting layer |
no |
Yes, easy to backwash turbostratic |
7 |
Covers |
750m 2 |
990m 2 |
8 |
Process |
Simple (without flocculation and sedimentation tank) |
More complex (for an flocculation and sedimentation tank) |
9 |
Backwash system |
no |
Have |
10 |
First question filtrate |
does not exist |
exist |
11 |
Technical requirements for operators |
low |
Higher |
12 |
Impact resistance |
Strong |
difference |
13 |
Maintenance Management |
simple |
More complex |
14 |
Operating costs |
low |
high |
15 |
Water quality |
Good, stable |
Better, instability |
Compare D, commonly used in wastewater treatment technology investment and operating costs
project |
Active sand filter |
V type filter |
D type filter |
MBR membrane |
UF |
The total investment cost of RMB / m 3 of water |
150-180 |
150-250 |
120--150 |
1500-1600 |
600-700 |
Operating costs yuan / m 3 of water |
0.05 |
0.15 |
0.10 |
1.5 |
0.7 |
Covers |
small |
Big |
Larger |
small |
small |
Process |
concise |
More complex |
complex |
concise |
concise |
Backwash system |
no |
Have |
Have |
Have |
Have |
Chemical cleaning system |
no |
no |
no |
Have |
Have |
Technical requirements for operators |
low |
Higher |
high |
high |
high |
Maintenance Management |
simple |
More complex |
More complex |
complex |
complex |
Water quality |
it is good |
better |
better |
it is good |
it is good |
XM / DSF type continuous purification Active sand filter filtration rate and generally 8-12m / h, the filtration rate in conjunction with the concentration of suspended solids in raw water SS, SS to confirm the filter surface load design.
SS surface load (unit g / m 2 · h) = filtration speed (m / h) × the raw water SS concentration (in g / m 3)
XM / SKF type continuous purification recommended SS Active sand filter surface load design values are as follows:
SS suspended solids in raw water species |
SS maximum surface load (g / m 2 · h) |
Chemical flocculation, metal oxides |
≤800 |
Biological floc |
≤2000 |
Short fibrous substance |
≤1000 |
Mineral particles, abrasive particles |
≤8000 |
In the case of normal operation, the net effect of the water can be achieved as follows:
Turbidity: <0.5 degrees SS: <5mg / L (flocculant dosing)
<10mg / L (without dosing flocculant)
Model |
Filtration area (m2) |
Design process quantity of water (m3/h) |
Diameter Φ (mm) |
Height of pool (mm) |
Supporting air volume (L/min) |
XM/DSF-20 |
2.0 |
20 |
1600 |
5500 |
80 |
XM/DSF-50 |
5.0 |
50 |
2600 |
6250 |
150 |
XM/DSF-10 |
1.0 |
10 |
1150 |
4850 |
50 |
XM/DSF-15 |
1.5 |
15 |
1400 |
5050 |
60 |
XM/DSF-30 |
3.0 |
30 |
2000 |
5830 |
100 |
XM/DSF-40 |
4.0 |
40 |
2280 |
6030 |
120 |
Note: We reserve the right to make changes due to technical innovation, if there are special requirements to parameters, please specify when ordering.